Pluralist and the System Theories Essay

In the essay below I will try to let out and discuss the view that in the modern societies the pluralist and the organization theories atomic number 18 the broadly speaking widely used theories to explain mesh relationships.Industrial relations conjure to processes and outcomes involving employment relationships. The term industrial relations is usually used for employment relationships involving collective representation of employees in the form of a labor sum of money or employee association, especially in the modern societies, Bendix(2000). Industrial Relation is a relation between employer and employees, employees and employees and employees and trade unions.And the process by which people and their organizations act at the place of work to establish the terms and conditions of employment. In modern societies , the term industrial relations is used to cover much(prenominal) aspects of industrial life as trade unionism, collective, bargaining, workers participation in mana gement, discipline, grade handling, industrial disputes and interpretation of labor laws and rules and code of conduct, Armstrong(2006). There be confused approaches in industrial relations standardised the brass and pluralist approaches.A system is basically a combination of parts and subsystems. Each part whitethorn have various subparts. Parts and sub parts of the system are mutually related to each other. The systems approach had been formulated by Dunlop in 1985. In Dunlops approach, an industrial relations system at each one time in its development is regarded as comprised of true actors, certain contexts, an political orientation, which binds the industrial relations system to snuff ither, and a body of rules created to govern the actors at the workplace and work community.The systems approach was quite helpful in analyze the industrial relations that is it focussinges on participants in the process, environment forces and output. The systems approach states that n one of these institutions could not act in an autonomous or independent. Instead they were influence at least to more or less extent by their market, technological and political contexts.The basic elements of system approach are, participants in the system, workers and the organization, Management and their representatives, government agencies, environmental forces, technological characteristics, market or economic constraints, the locus and balance of force play existing in a society, the output is the result of interaction of parties of the system which is manifested in the network of rules, country labor policy and labor agreements, that facilitates decorous deal to workers.The Dunlops model gives great significance to external or environmental forces. In other words, management, labor, and the government possess a divided ideology that defines their roles within the relationship and exits stability to the system. The theory assumes the use of a biological analogue saying o rganization are just like cells that require food and combine with declare chemistry and converts into energy and then it survives. Similarly cells were related to inputs which are being processed into outputs.The pluralist approach focus is on the resolution of conflict rather than its generation, or, in the words of the pluralist, on the institutions of job regulation. Kerr is one of the authorized exponents of pluralism. According to him, the social environment is an important factor in industrial conflicts. The isolated masses of workers are more strike-prone as compared to dispersed pigeonholings. When industrial jobs become more pleasant and employees get more integrated into the wider society, strikes will become less frequent. The pluralistic ideology accepts that an enterprise contains people with a variety of different interests, aims and aspirations it is therefore a coalition of different interests rather than the embodiment of one common goal.The enigma of the gov ernment of plural society is not to unify, integrate or pay sectional groups and their special interests in the name of some overriding incarnate existence, but ot control and balance the activities of the constituent groups so as to provide for maximum degree of freedom of association and action for sectional and group purposes consistent with the general interest of the society as conceived, with support of existence opinion by those responsible for government.The pluralist acknowledge the existence of a moderate level of confliction interests at workplace and views the organization as miniature of egalitarian state with sectional interest of divergent groups which the government tries to maintain some dynamic equilibrium, Fox(1996).The pluralist goes on to argue that employees and managers have sectional interest which are legitimately recognized .The pluralist criticize the assumption of a unified police squad with management or managerial authority which is based on com e apart conflict .the management pursues the effectiveness of organization and achievement of goals .employees pursue own sectional interest and bitterness of terms and conditions of their employment,. The existence of these sectional groups with divergent interests signals potential conflict over sharing scarce resources, Salamon (2000)Furthermore, the pluralists argue that the institutions of state operates to resolve the differences that occur between management and labour ,this result in the existence of a common set of rules and procedures determining behavior in workplace . The behavior is then controlled to meet the major objectives of the organizational entity .the pluralist alike emphasizes that the different parties have assumed equal power and influence and postulate for power , this competition causes all the parties to fight for the existing resources which sometimes leads to industrial actions .In addition, the pluralist views is flexible because it allows for adapt ation for complexity environment and allows for ideological tolerance, that is the values, interest, beleaves and norms, so trade unions leaders are vied as necessary because they represent the legitimate constituency in the organizations .as the result conflict is being viewed as normal because of scarcity of resources in organizations. So the pluralist viewed conflict as normal and permanent.To sum the supra discussion, all these characteristics and assumptions causes many organization to adopt the theories but there is no organization who adopt one theory but they borrow concepts in relation to their situations. They most probably mix up those favorable to their ethical motive either from system or pluralist.